Norham Castle in Northumberland

History and Heritage

As the buffer between England and Scotland, Northumberland’s location has shaped a history of iconic battles and conflict. Roman invasions and Viking attacks have resulted in stunning castles and landmarks for you to feast your eyes on.

It’s all in our history

Every inch of Northumberland hides a piece of history and heritage. The buffer between England and Scotland, Northumberland’s very geographic location has shaped a history of violence and conflict.

The legacy of Northumberland’s embattled past can still be seen today through the region’s historic sites. From the incredible architecture of ancient castles, to 73-miles of Hadrian’s Wall, the county’s heritage sites are a reminder of the many conflicts that have been and gone.

From the Roman invasion 2,000 years ago, Northumberland has witnessed plundering Viking attacks, seen Anglo Saxon kings fight to the death protecting their kingdom and set the scene for murderous raids by the notorious Border Reivers. There have been territorial battles between England and Scotland which saw the border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed change sides 13 times.

The legacy of Northumberland’s embattled past can still be seen today. There are more castles than any other county in England within its boundaries. The Roman megastructure of Hadrian’s Wall snakes for 73-miles across high volcanic ridges while the forts and pele towers peppered throughout Northumberland’s now peaceful and scenic countryside are a reminder of centuries-old carnage.

The past is everywhere you look in Northumberland. The best way to discover it is to explore its ancient sites, battlefields, castles, museums and stately homes.

Recommended
Historic sites

St Cuthberts Cross

Said to be the location where St Cuthbert agreed to become Bishop of Lindisfarne when petitioned by the king.
Historic sites

Cherryburn: Thomas Bewick Birthplace Museum

Birthplace and childhood home of Thomas Bewick, master wood-engraver, artist and natural history author.
Trip Advisor Rating
Historic sites

Seaton Delaval Hall

Baroque masterpiece with landscaped gardens and grounds designed by Castle Howard and Blenheim Palace architect, Sir John Vanbrugh.
Trip Advisor Rating
Historic sites

Union Chain Bridge

The Union Chain Bridge spans the River Tweed between Horncliffe, Northumberland, England and Fishwick, Borders, Scotland.
Trip Advisor Rating
Historic sites

Berwick Elizabethan Town Walls

Berwick's town walls are its most famous piece of architecture and still stand strong today, hundreds of years after they were built by Queen Elizabeth to keep out the invading Scots.
Trip Advisor Rating
Museums

Hexham Old Gaol

Step into Northumberland's past with a visit to Hexham Old Gaol, England's oldest Gaol.
Museums

Woodhorn Museum

Woodhorn brings to life Northumberland’s proud mining heritage. Explore the historic buildings, interactive displays and contemporary exhibition programme.
Historic sites Slaley

Shotley, St. Andrew

On a hilltop almost 300m above sea level, St Andrew’s was built in 1769 to a cruciform plan on the site of a medieval church, and remodelled in 1892. In the churchyard is a magnificent domed mausoleum built by Humphrey Hopper in 1752.
Historic sites Corbridge

Aydon Castle

Tucked away one mile from the village of Corbridge is Aydon Castle; the perfect location for a family day out.
Trip Advisor Rating
Berwick-upon-Tweed

Paxton House

Paxton House, an impressive Adam House filled with Chippendale furniture and exquisite 18th century costumes with café, shop and gardens.
Mountain biking in purple heather
Family walk in Northumberland
Couple enjoying a boat trip
Hadrian's Wall
Surf Northumberland
Outdoor adventures in Northumberland

Make it personal

With endless experiences, it’s impossible to see and do everything Northumberland has to offer. Create a personal profile and we’ll tailor the site to show you the best and most relevant content for you.